The rotor, like the wheel, is an amazing invention, and until the invention of the jet plane, the rotor carried the dream of flying.
Up to now, many aircraft still use the rotor design, and the quadrotor UAV is turned into the aerial camera, which satisfies the imagination of many ordinary people about the sky.
The multi-rotor UAV is flown by the rotation of the motor, so that the propeller generates lift force.
For example, a quadrotor UAV, when the sum of the lift force of the aircraft’s four propellers is equal to the total weight of the aircraft, the lift force of the aircraft is balanced with the gravity, and the aircraft can hover in the air.
According to Newton’s third law, when the rotor rotates, it will also exert a reaction force (reverse torque) to the motor, which will promote the motor to rotate in the opposite direction.
This is why today’s helicopters have a “small tail” that applies a force horizontally to counteract this reaction and keep the helicopter body stable.
Back on a quadrotor, the propellers also generate such forces, so to avoid the plane spinning wildly, the two propellers next to each other rotate in opposite directions.
Not only that, but multi-axis aircraft also rely on the rotational speed control of multiple propellers to achieve: vertical lift: This is very easy to understand, when the aircraft needs to increase the altitude, four propellers spin at the same time, increase the lift, the aircraft will rise.
When the plane needs to lower its altitude, the four propellers will slow down at the same time, and the plane will go down.
The reason for the emphasis on the same is that keeping the speed of multiple rotors relatively stable is very important for maintaining the attitude of the aircraft fuselage. After reading the attention, you will understand ~ in situ rotation: it has been said above that when the speed of each motor of the UAV is the same, the counter torque of the aircraft will be offset and rotation will not occur.
But when we want the plane to rotate in place, we can use the reverse torque, and because of the reverse torque, the plane will rotate counterclockwise.
Horizontal movement: Different from the passenger planes we usually take, multi-axis aircraft does not have propellers perpendicular to the ground like passenger planes, so it cannot directly generate horizontal force to move in the horizontal direction.
In fact, before multi-rotor, aerial photography was done with more sophisticated fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters.
However, the take-off and landing of fixed-wing aircraft have very high requirements on the site, and hovering, vertical ascent and descent are not popular yet, so the limitations are too great.
Although the helicopter is heavy and fast, its structure is very complex and precise, and it is very troublesome to debug and maintain thousands of parts.
In contrast, the flying principle of multi-rotor is simple, and the fuselage structure is more simple and reliable. Consumers can quickly start flying without excessive debugging and maintenance. Therefore, multi-rotor quickly occupies the aerial photography market.
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