In meteorology, dust storms are called dust storms when strong winds blow dust and sand on the ground, causing horizontal visibility to be less than one kilometer.
The sandstorm reduces visibility quickly and is accompanied by strong winds, which can seriously affect flight safety.
Air TRAFFIC control experts said that sandstorms in addition to causing bad visibility impact flight, due to the sand flying all over the sky to make electromagnetic waves seriously attenuated, as well as the body surface and small sand friction between the electrostatic effect, will also make radio communication by serious interference.
A large number of sand into the engine and body, but also will cause parts wear, oil blockage, poor electrical conductivity and a series of mechanical or electrical failures.
In SANDstorm WEATHER condition, AIR TRAFFIC control department implements runway instrument landing system for command according to airport weather standard, adjusts flight interval, controls flight flow, and ensures the safety of flights in and out of the airport.
In the Iraq War, nature did what the Iraqi Republican Guard couldn’t — a massive sandstorm nearly paralyzed the U.S. military’s ability to fight in the air.
But a new technology being developed by the Air Force and NASA may allow pilots to fly in almost any harsh environment — even the dust storms of Iraq, according to reports.
Developers of the technology, called syntheticvision, are optimistic that it will allow pilots to see their surroundings in any bad weather, just as night-vision goggles allow soldiers to move freely in the dark.
The key to “synthetic vision” is a high-powered computer in the cockpit that, using GPS navigation information, converts the plane’s surroundings into digital signals and displays the resulting “digital map” on the computer screen in real time.
This allows pilots to navigate through a “digital map” on their computers when they can’t see the real environment.
Before synthetic vision was used, some of the U.S. military’s “cross country vehicles” relied on satellite positioning systems to operate.
And with night vision, soldiers can see about 10 feet in front of them, even if the sand makes them blind.
Also, infrared sensors can provide images from a longer distance.
But all of these methods are not ideal, and their effect is very limited.
Not only can the grit block your normal vision, it can block those sensors as well.
But synthetic vision can avoid the problems of conventional methods, because the aircraft equipped with synthetic vision will store a “world map” -a complete database of the world’s terrain in 3D.
Back in 2000, the space shuttle Endeavour took 3D images of more than 80 percent of the Earth’s surface, and the Defense Department’s National Imaging and Mapping Agency (NIMA) is converting the data into digital topographic maps.
After the conversion, the digital maps will undergo a series of close examinations.
The combination of digital signals from these sources, which represent conditions in the air and on the ground, results in a realistic 3D image of the terrain — much like playing a flight simulator.
Pilots can view the images in several different ways — either through liquid-crystal displays embedded in the control panel, or through new pilot helmets, and possibly even directly on the cockpit windshield.
The Air Force and NASA are working on various versions of “synthetic vision.”
Experts say the ‘synthetic vision’ system is unlikely to be used immediately as it is still under development, with large-scale commercial or military applications still several years away.
Bringing all the image data together and making it available in real time will be a daunting task.
However, Synthetic Vision’s developers believe that technical problems are not the biggest obstacle to synthetic vision, but the FAA.
The latter expressly prohibits aircraft equipped with synthetic vision from flying in harsh environments, no different from any other aircraft without synthetic vision.
Because of this, many large commercial flight companies have shown little interest in synthetic vision systems.
However, some companies see a promising market for synthetic vision in homeland security.
The company is now promoting synthetic vision for helicopters so that officers on board can keep an eye on their area during bad weather.
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